FIELD TESTS AND MEASUREMENTS (IN-SITU)

Because our field tests form an extensive group of analyses and measurements used in a wide range of technical branches, we have prepared a list according to their frequency of use. Engineering-geological surveying is predominantly based on the results of boring work amply supplemented by applied geophysics methods to their full extent.

• Geo-radar measurements

• Micro-gravity surveying

• Seismic measurements

• Geo-electric resistance measurements (MOS)

• Resistance measurements DEMP

• Measurements of filtration potentials (SP)

• Ultrasonic materiology (UZ)

• Thermometry

• Vertical electric boring (VES)

• Radio-detection

Supplemented with further tests   

• Dynamic penetration
• Field volume meter
• Extensometric measurements in boreholes
• Inclinometric measurements in boreholes
• Hydrogeologic water level measurements in boreholes or wells  

According to survey location and other possible influences, the surveying can be supplemented with:  

• Pyrotechnic surveying
• Measurements of gas concentrations
• Corrosion surveying - measurements of stray current fields

The second significant group is geometric monitoring, which we divide into two activities, the monitoring of rock ambience and the monitoring of objects and structures. We use the following field measurements:

For monitoring rock ambience

• Levelling measurements
• Measurements of tension changes by the use of pressure bags
• Measurements of deformations and permanency of form (convergence measurements) using band extensometers, rod distometers, laser rangefinders, and 3D optical geodetic methods
• Measurements of water seepage into mining works
• Extensometric measurements in boreholes
• Inclinometric measurements in boreholes
• Hydrogeologic water level measurements in boreholes or wells
• Measurements of gas concentrations using complex of geophysical methods
• Geo-radar measurements
• Micro-gravity surveying
• Geo-electric resistance measurements (MOS)
• Resistance measurements DEMP
• Measurements of filtration potentials (SP)
• Thermometry

For monitoring objects influenced by nearby construction work

• Documentation of building-technical conditions of buildings - passporting and re-passporting
• Measurements of shifts in building cracks - deformometry
• Measurements of changes in the inclination of buildings or their substructures - measurements of inclinations (surface inclinometry)
• Measurements of shifts in buildings using belt extensometers, rod rangefinders, induction tensometers, and laser rangefinders
• Levelling measurements
• Geodetic measurements in 3D coordinates using classical methods
• 3D measurements using a laser scanner
• Shift measurements using an indication rod
• Measurements of vibrations from traffic, building operations, and seismic blasting noise
• Noise measurements
• Measurements of dustiness
• Measurements of gas concentrations
• Measurements of deformations and permanency of form (convergence measurements) using belt extensometers, rod rangefinders, laser rangefinders, and 3D optical geodetic methods
• Climatic measurements (air pressure, humidity, temperature, wind)
• Hydrostatic levelling
• Presiometric tests
• Dynamometric measurements - power effects of anchors and bolts
• Hydrogeologic water level measurements in boreholes or wells
• Measurements of humidity in structures and their elements using a wide range of geophysical methods
• Geo-radar measurements
• Micro-gravity surveying
• Geo-electric resistance measurements (MOS)
• Resistance measurements DEMP
• Measurements of filtration potentials (SP)
• Ultrasonic materiology (UZ)
• Thermometry, radio-detection

For monitoring buildings and objects under construction:

• Documentation of building-technical conditions of buildings - passporting and re-passporting
• Measurements of shifts in building cracks - deformometry
• Measurements of changes in inclination of buildings or their substructures - measurements of inclinations (surface inclinometry)
• Measurements of shifts in buildings using belt extensometers, rod rangefinders, induction tensometers, and laser rangefinders
• Levelling measurements
• Geodetic measurements in 3D coordinates using classical methods
• 3D measurements using a laser scanner
• Shifts measurements using an indication rod
• Measurements of vibrations from traffic, building operations, and seismic blasting noise
• Measurements of gas concentrations
• Measurements of relative humidity in structures
• Measurements of tension changes using pressure bags or calculating from measured deformations
• Measurements of deformations and permanency of form (convergence measurements) using belt extensometers, rod rangefinders, laser rangefinders, and 3D optical geodetic methods
• Static load test of soils
• Impact load test of soils using a lightweight dynamic slab
• Measurements of water seepage into mining works
• Climatic measurements (air pressures, humidity, temperature, wind)
• Hydrostatic levelling
• Dynamic penetration
• Field volume meter
• Camera documentation of presiometric test boreholes
• Extensometric measurements in boreholes
• Inclinometric measurements in boreholes
• Measurements in boreholes 3D - TRIVEC (Solexperts AG)
• Dynamometric measurements - power effects of anchors and bolts
• Load-bearing tests for anchors and bolts
• Hydrogeologic water level measurements in boreholes or wells
• Pumping test
• Flow-meter test
• Measurements with Schmidt impact hammer using a wide range of geophysical methods
• Integrity of piles (PIT and CHA)
• Geo-radar measurements
• Micro-gravity surveying
• Geo-electric resistance measurements (MOS)
• Resistance measurements DEMP
• Measurements of filtration potentials (SP)
• Ultrasonic materiology (UZ)
• Thermometry
• Complex logging measurements in boreholes
• Radio-detection
• Identification of reinforcement using a Profometer

The third group of activities is controlling redevelopment works. In these works the quality of redevelopment performed (grouting, etc) is evaluated using selected field measurements, possibly supplemented with laboratory tests. In particular, we use geophysical methods applied on structures and objects supported by selected measurements, especially:

• Complex geophysical methods 

and further:

• Identification of reinforcement using a Profometer
• Measurements with Schmidt impact hammer
• Geodetic surveying of as-built construction
• Measurements of deformations and permanency of form (convergence measurements) using band extensometers, rod distometers, laser rangefinders, and 3D optical geodetic methods
• Control of compaction conducting static and impact soil load tests using a lightweight dynamic slab
• Measurements of water seepage into mining works
• Dynamic penetration
• And many more techniques besides